Today, December 16, 2021, is the fiftieth anniversary of the passing of French composer, organist, conductor and pianist Charles-Camille Saint-Saëns. He is perhaps best known for his opera Samson and Delilah (which includes the raucous “Danse Bacchanale”), and for The Carnival of the Animals.
After studying at the Paris Conservatoire, he followed a conventional career as a church organist, including at the official church of the French Empire. He admired the music that was the most modern of his day, but he was a much more stylistically conventional composer.
He might be considered a grandfather of romantic French music: while he served as a music professor at the École de Musique Classique et Religieuse in Paris, his students included Gabriel Fauré, among whose own later pupils was Maurice Ravel. Both of them were strongly influenced by Saint-Saëns, whom they revered as a genius.
Since the composer’s death, writers sympathetic to his music have expressed regret that he is known by the musical public for only a handful of his scores. One critic wrote that his Christmas Oratorio is among his neglected masterpieces.
The Oratorio de Noël (Op. 12) is a cantata-like work for soloists, chorus, organ, strings and harp, in ten movements. Saint-Saëns wrote it in less than two weeks, completing it ten days before its premiere on Christmas 1858.
One musicologist notes that the Christmas Oratorio is shorter in length than a traditional sacred cantata, and in fact it was actually intended for presentation during a worship service.
Saint-Saëns chose the texts that he would set from several sources, including the Latin Vulgate Bible, and different portions of two Christmas Offices: the First Mass at Midnight and the Second Mass at Dawn. One author curiously calls the work “a musical enhancement of the words of the [Christmas] Office, without interest in the human drama.” The narrative portion of the text, taken from the second chapter of the Gospel according to Luke, appears in the second movement and tells the part of the traditional Christmas story involving the shepherds. The remainder of the texts are taken from John, Isaiah, Lamentations, and the Psalms.
Why do we mention all this?
Because fifteen years ago tomorrow morning, Sudbury UMC’s musicians presented this work as their Advent Cantata.
We’d like to offer you the Christmas Oratorio’s Latin texts, and their English translations, as something of an Advent Devotion.
Movement 1: Prélude (dans le style de Seb. Bach), for organ and strings
Movement 2: Recitative: Et pastores erant, for soprano, alto, tenor and baritone soloists, organ and strings; Chorus: Gloria in altissimis, for mixed chorus, organ and strings
Et pastores erant in regione Eadem vigilantes,
Et custodientes vigilias noctis Super gregem suum.
Et eece angelus Domini
Stetit juxta illos,
Et claritas Dei circumfulsit illos,
Et timuerunt timore magno
Et dixit illis angelus:
Nolite timere, nolite timere:
Eece enim evangelico vobis
Gaudium magnum
Quod erit omni populo:
Quia natus est vobis hodie Christus Dominus, In civitate David.
Et hoe vobis signum: Invenietis infantem Pannis involutum, et positum in præsepio.
Et subito facta est cum angelo
Multitudo militiæ cælestis
Laudantium Deum, et dicentium:
Gloria in altisimus Deo,
Et in terra pax, et in terra pax
Hominibus bonæ voluntatis.
Gloria in altisimus Deo, Gloria, Gloria Deo,
Et in terra pax, hominibus bonæ voluntatis.
There were shepherds at night in that same country, abiding in the fields,
And silently keeping their watch by night
Over the sleeping flocks around them.
And lo! An angel of the Lord appear’d,
Standing there beside them:
And the glory of the Lord shone round about them,
And they were sore afraid at his coming.
And unto them the angel said:
Fear not, o ye shepherds, fear not, o ye shepherds!
For, behold I bring unto you
Good tidings of great joy,
Which shall be to all people.
For unto you is born today a Savior Christ, the Lord,
In the city of David.
And this shall the sign be: Ye shall find the babe
Wrapped in swaddling clothes and lying in a manger low. And suddenly there was with the angel
A great multitude of the heav’nly host
Praising God, praising God, and saying:
Glory be unto God in the highest!
And on earth peace, peace be on earth,
Goodwill unto all men.
Glory be unto God in the highest! Praise the Lord our God! And on earth peace, goodwill to all men.
Movement 3: Air: Exspectans expectavi, for mezzo-soprano soloist, organ and strings*
Expectans, expectans expectavi Dominum:
Expectans, expectans, expectans
Expectavi Dominum,
Expectavi, expectavi Dominum:
Et intendit mihi.
Patiently, patiently have I waited for the Lord,
Patiently, patiently, patiently
Have I waited for the Lord,
Have I waited, have I waited for the Lord.
And lo! He heard my cry.
Movement 4: Air and Chorus: Domine, ego credidi, for tenor solo, women’s chorus, organ and strings
Domine, ego credidi, ego credidi
Quia tu es Christus Filius Dei vivi.
Domine, qui in hunc mundum venisti.
Domine, ego credidi, Ego credidi
Quia tu es Christus, Christus, Christus, Filius Dei vivi; Christus, Christus,
Filius Dei vivi,
Qui in hunc mundum venisti.
In my heart I believe, O Lord, I believe, O Lord,
That thou indeed art Christ, Son of the living God.
He who was to come into this world.
In my heart I believe, O Lord, I believe, O Lord,
Thou art indeed Christ, Christ, Christ,
Son of the living God; Christ, Christ,
Of the living God thou art the Son.
He who was to come into this world.
Movement 5: Duet: Benedictus, for soprano and baritone soloists, organ and harp
Benedictus, benedictus,
Benedictus qui venit in nomine Domini.
Deus Dominus, et illuxit
ominus illuxit nobis, illuxit nobis; Deus meus es tu, et confitebor tibi.
Deus meus es tu, et exaltabo te. Deus meus es tu,
Et exaltabo te, et exaltabo te,
Et exaltabo te.
Blessed, blessed is He who cometh,
He who cometh in the name of the Lord.
God, the Lord of Light, God, the Lord,
He has shin’d upon us, hath shin’d upon us.
Thou alone my God art: and all my trust is in Thee.
Oh Lord! Thou art my God, I will exalt Thee, Lord. My God Thou art,
I will exalt Thee, I will exalt Thee
And I will praise Thy name.
Movement 6: Chorus: Quare fremuerunt gentes, for mixed chorus, organ and strings
Quare fremuerunt gentes? Et populi meditati sunt Inania?
Meditate sunt inania?
Quare fremuerunt gentes? Et populi meditati sunt inania? Quare? Quare?
Gloria Patri,
Gloria Filio, Gloria Spiritui Sancto; Sicut erat in principio, et nunc,
Et nunc, et semper,
Et in sæcula sæculorum.
Amen. Amen. Amen.
Wherefore do the heathen clamor? Why do the nations imagine
Vain and foolish things?
Imagine vain and foolish things?
Wherefore do the heathen clamor?
Why do the nations imagine vain and foolish things? Wherefore? Wherefore?
Glory, glory, unto the Father,
And the Son, and Holy Spirit!
As it was in the beginning,
Is now and ever shall be, and ever shall be,
World without end, without end.
Amen. Amen. Amen.
Movement 7: Trio: Tecum principium, for soprano, tenor, and baritone soloists, organ and harp
Tecum principium;
In die virtutis tuæ.
Tecum principium, in splendoribus Sanctorum.
My soul doth magnify the Lord; My spirit hath rejoic’d in God.
For mine eyes have seen Thy glory.
Movement 8: Quartet: Laudate coeli, for soprano, mezzo-soprano, alto, and baritone soloists, organ and strings
Alleluia, Alleluia, Alleluia.
Laudate, cœli, et exulta, terra,
Quia consolatus est Dominus Populum suum;
Et pauperum suorum, miserebitur.
Alleluia, Alleluia, Alleluia.
Ye heav’ns sing praises, be joyful on earth.
For the Lord hath pour’d
His consolation upon his people,
And He to all that are afflicted will be merciful.
Movement 9: Quintet and Chorus: Consurge, filia Sion, for all five soloists, chorus, organ, strings, and harp
Consurge, Filia Sion!
Alleluia, Alleluia, Alleluia.
Lauda in nocte,
Lauda in nocte, in principio Vigiliarum.
Alleluia, Alleluia, Alleluia.
Egrediatur ut splendor justus Sion, Et Salvator ejus
Ut lampas accendatur.
Alleluia, Alleluia.
Arise now, Daughter of Zion!
Alleluia, Alleluia, Alleluia.
Praise God, praise God in the night!
Praise Him, in the first watches of the nighttime.
Alleluia, Alleluia, Alleluia.
That Zion’s true glory might be manifested, That her Saviour
Might rise and shine before the nations. Alleluia, Alleluia.
Movement 10: Chorus: Tollite hostias, for mixed chorus, organ and strings
Tollite hostias,
Et adora te Dominum In atrio sancto ejus.
Lætentur cœli, et exultet terra,
A facie Domini,
Quoniam venit. Alleluia.
Praise ye the Lord of hosts,
Sing his salvation, Bless His name, Show forth his praise in His holy house!
Rejoice, ye heavn’s, and be joyful, on earth,
Rejoice in the face of the Lord,
For He cometh. Alleluia.
-the SUMC Music Staff